- Ex 21:1-24:18
- Jer 33:25-:26; 34:8-22
- Mat 17:1-11
Mishpatim means “judgments.”
| Shemoth (Exodus) 21:1-24:18 |
Shemoth (Exodus) Chapter 21
Laws About Slaves (Deuteronomy 15:12–18)
1“These are the ordinances that you are to set before them:
2 If you buy a Hebrew servant, he is to serve you for six years. But in the seventh year, he shall go free without paying anything. 3 If he arrived alone, he is to leave alone; if he arrived with a wife, she is to leave with him. 4 If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the woman and her children shall belong to her master, and only the man shall go free.
5 But if the servant declares, ‘I love my master and my wife and children; I do not want to go free,’ 6 then his master is to bring him before the judges. And he shall take him to the door or doorpost and pierce his ear with an awl. Then he shall serve his master for life.
7 And if a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as the menservants do. 8 If she is displeasing in the eyes of her master who had designated her for himself, he must allow her to be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, since he has broken faith with her. 9 And if he chooses her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter. 10 If he takes another wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of his first wife. 11 If, however, he does not provide her with these three things, she is free to go without monetary payment.
Personal Injury Laws
12 Whoever strikes and kills a man must surely be put to death. 13 If, however, he did not lie in wait, but Alahym allowed it to happen, then I will appoint for you a place where he may flee.
14 But if a man schemes and acts willfully against his neighbor to kill him, you must take him away from My altar to be put to death.
15 Whoever strikes his father or mother must surely be put to death.
16 Whoever kidnaps another man must be put to death, whether he sells him or the man is found in his possession.
17 Anyone who curses his father or mother must surely be put to death.
18 If men are quarreling and one strikes the other with a stone or a fist, and he does not die but is confined to bed, 19 then the one who struck him shall go unpunished, as long as the other can get up and walk around outside with his staff. Nevertheless, he must compensate the man for his lost work and see that he is completely healed.
20 If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished. 21 However, if the servant gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since the servant is his property.
22 If men who are fighting strike a pregnant woman and her child is born prematurely, but there is no further injury, he shall surely be fined as the woman’s husband demands and as the court allows. 23 But if a serious injury results, then you must require a life for a life— 24 eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, 25 burn for burn, wound for wound, and stripe for stripe.
26 If a man strikes and blinds the eye of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for the eye. 27 And if he knocks out the tooth of his manservant or maidservant, he must let the servant go free as compensation for the tooth.
28 If an ox gores a man or woman to death, the ox must surely be stoned, and its meat must not be eaten. But the owner of the ox shall not be held responsible.
29 But if the ox has a habit of goring, and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or woman, then the ox must be stoned and its owner must also be put to death. 30 If payment is demanded of him instead, he may redeem his life by paying the full amount demanded of him.
31 If the ox gores a son or a daughter, it shall be done to him according to the same rule.
32 If the ox gores a manservant or maidservant, the owner must pay thirty shekels of silver to the master of that servant, and the ox must be stoned.
33 If a man opens or digs a pit and fails to cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it, 34 the owner of the pit shall make restitution; he must pay its owner, and the dead animal will be his.
35 If a man’s ox injures his neighbor’s ox and it dies, they must sell the live one and divide the proceeds; they also must divide the dead animal. 36 But if it was known that the ox had a habit of goring, yet its owner failed to restrain it, he shall pay full compensation, ox for ox, and the dead animal will be his.
Shemoth (Exodus) Chapter 22
Property Laws
1“If a man steals an ox or a sheep and slaughters or sells it, he must repay five oxen for an ox and four sheep for a sheep.
2 If a thief is caught breaking in and is beaten to death, no one shall be guilty of bloodshed. 3 But if it happens after sunrise, there is guilt for his bloodshed.
A thief must make full restitution; if he has nothing, he himself shall be sold for his theft. 4 If what was stolen is actually found alive in his possession—whether ox or donkey or sheep—he must pay back double.
5 If a man grazes his livestock in a field or vineyard and allows them to stray so that they graze in someone else’s field, he must make restitution from the best of his own field or vineyard.
6 If a fire breaks out and spreads to thornbushes so that it consumes stacked or standing grain, or the whole field, the one who started the fire must make full restitution.
7 If a man gives his neighbor money or goods for safekeeping and they are stolen from the neighbor’s house, the thief, if caught, must pay back double. 8 If the thief is not found, the owner of the house must appear before the judges to determine whether he has taken his neighbor’s property.
9 In all cases of illegal possession of an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or any lost item that someone claims, ‘This is mine,’ both parties shall bring their cases before the judges. The one whom the judges find guilty must pay back double to his neighbor.
10 If a man gives a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to be cared for by his neighbor, but it dies or is injured or stolen while no one is watching, 11 an oath before 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 shall be made between the parties to determine whether or not the man has taken his neighbor’s property. The owner must accept the oath and require no restitution.
12 But if the animal was actually stolen from the neighbor, he must make restitution to the owner.
13 If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.
14 If a man borrows an animal from his neighbor and it is injured or dies while its owner is not present, he must make full restitution. 15 If the owner was present, no restitution is required. If the animal was rented, the fee covers the loss.
Laws of Social Responsibility
16 If a man seduces a virgin who is not pledged in marriage and sleeps with her, he must pay the full dowry for her to be his wife. 17 If her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, the man still must pay an amount comparable to the bridal price of a virgin.
18 You must not allow a sorceress to live.
19 Whoever lies with an animal must surely be put to death.
20 If anyone sacrifices to any alahym, other than 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 alone, he must be set apart for destruction.
21 You must not exploit or oppress a foreign resident, for you yourselves were foreigners in the land of Mitsrayim.
22 You must not mistreat any widow or orphan. 23 If you do mistreat them, and they cry out to Me in distress, I will surely hear their cry. 24 My anger will be kindled, and I will kill you with the sword; then your wives will become widows and your children will be fatherless.
25 If you lend money to one of My people among you who is poor, you must not act as a creditor to him; you are not to charge him interest.
26 If you take your neighbor’s cloak as collateral, return it to him by sunset, 27 because his cloak is the only covering he has for his body. What else will he sleep in? And if he cries out to Me, I will hear, for I am compassionate.
28 You must not blaspheme Alahym or curse the ruler of your people.
29 You must not hold back offerings from your granaries or vats. You are to give Me the firstborn of your sons. 30 You shall do likewise with your cattle and your sheep. Let them stay with their mothers for seven days, but on the eighth day you are to give them to Me.
31 You are to be My set apart people. You must not eat the meat of a mauled animal found in the field; you are to throw it to the dogs.
Shemoth (Exodus) Chapter 23
Justice and Mercy
1“You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness.
2 You shall not follow the crowd in wrongdoing. When you testify in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice by siding with the crowd. 3 And do not show favoritism to a poor man in his lawsuit.
4 If you encounter your enemy’s stray ox or donkey, you must return it to him.
5 If you see the donkey of one who hates you fallen under its load, do not leave it there; you must help him with it.
6 You shall not deny justice to the poor in their lawsuits. 7 Stay far away from a false accusation. Do not kill the innocent or the just, for I will not acquit the guilty.
8 Do not accept a bribe, for a bribe blinds those who see and twists the words of the righteous.
9 Do not oppress a foreign resident, since you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners; for you were foreigners in the land of Mitsrayim.
Sabbath Laws (Leviticus 25:1–7 ; Deuteronomy 15:1–6)
10 For six years you are to sow your land and gather its produce, 11 but in the seventh year you must let it rest and lie fallow, so that the poor among your people may eat from the field and the wild animals may consume what they leave. Do the same with your vineyard and olive grove.
12 Six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you must cease, so that your ox and your donkey may rest and the son of your maidservant may be refreshed, as well as the foreign resident.
13 Pay close attention to everything I have said to you. You must not invoke the names of other mighty ones; they must not be heard on your lips.
The Three Feasts of Pilgrimage (Leviticus 23:1–3)
14 Three times a year you are to celebrate a feast to Me.
15 You are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread as I commanded you: At the appointed time in the month of Abib you are to eat unleavened bread for seven days, because that was the month you came out of Mitsrayim. No one may appear before Me empty-handed.
16 You are also to keep the Feast of Harvest with the firstfruits of the produce from what you sow in the field.
And keep the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you gather your produce from the field.
17 Three times a year all your males are to appear before the Master 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄.
18 You must not offer the blood of My sacrifices with anything leavened, nor may the fat of My feast remain until morning.
19 Bring the best of the firstfruits of your soil to the House of 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 your Alahym.
You must not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.
Alahym’s Messenger to Lead (Deuteronomy 7:12–26)
20 Behold, I am sending a messenger before you to protect you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared. 21 Pay attention to Him and listen to His voice; do not defy Him, for He will not forgive rebellion, since My Name is in Him.
22 But if you will listen carefully to His voice and do everything I say, I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes. 23 For My Messenger will go before you and bring you into the land of the Amorites and the Ḥittites and the Perizzites and the Kena‛anites and the Ḥiwwites and the Yeḇusites, and I will annihilate them.
24 You must not bow down to their Alahym or serve them or follow their practices. Instead, you are to demolish them and smash their sacred stones to pieces.
25 So you shall serve 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 your Alahym, and He will bless your bread and your water. And I will take away sickness from among you. 26 No woman in your land will miscarry or be barren; I will fulfill the number of your days.
27 I will send My terror ahead of you and throw into confusion every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn and run. 28 I will send the hornet before you to drive the Ḥiwwite, the Kena‛anite, and the Ḥittite out of your way.
29 I will not drive them out before you in a single year; otherwise the land would become desolate and wild animals would multiply against you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out ahead of you, until you become fruitful and possess the land.
31 And I will establish your borders from the Sea of Reeds to the Sea of the Philistines, and from the desert to the River. For I will deliver the inhabitants into your hand, and you will drive them out before you. 32 You shall make no covenant with them or with their Alahyms. 33 They must not remain in your land, lest they cause you to sin against Me. For if you serve their alahym, it will surely be a snare to you.”
Shemoth (Exodus) Chapter 24
The Covenant Sealed
1Then 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 said to Moshe, “Come up to 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄—you and Aharon, Naḏaḇ and Aḇihu, and the seventy elders of Yasharal—and you are to worship at a distance. 2 Moshe alone shall approach 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄, but the others must not come near. And the people may not go up with him.”
3 When Moshe came and told the people all the words and ordinances of 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄, they all responded with one voice: “All the words that 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 has spoken, we will do.”
4 And Moshe wrote down all the words of 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄.
Early the next morning he got up and built an altar at the base of the mountain, along with twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Yasharal. 5 Then he sent out some young men of Yasharal, and they offered burnt offerings and sacrificed young bulls as peace offerings to 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄.
6 Moshe took half of the blood and put it in bowls, and the other half he splattered on the altar. 7 Then he took the Book of the Covenant and read it to the people, who replied, “All that 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.”
8 So Moshe took the blood, splattered it on the people, and said, “This is the blood of the covenant that 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 has made with you in accordance with all these words.”
9 Then Moshe went up with Aharon, Naḏaḇ and Aḇihu, and seventy of the elders of Yasharal, 10 and they saw the Alahym of Yasharal. Under His feet was a work like a pavement made of sapphire, as clear as the sky itself. 11 But Alahym did not lay His hand on the nobles of Yasharal; they saw Him, and they ate and drank.
Moshe on the Mountain
12 Then 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 said to Moshe, “Come up to Me on the mountain and stay here, so that I may give you the tablets of stone, with the law and commandments I have written for their instruction.”
13 So Moshe set out with Yahushua his attendant and went up on the mountain of Alahym. 14 And he said to the elders, “Wait here for us until we return to you. Aharon and Hur are here with you. Whoever has a dispute can go to them.”
15 When Moshe went up on the mountain, the cloud covered it, 16 and the esteem of 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 settled on Mount Sinai. For six days the cloud covered it, and on the seventh day 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 called to Moshe from within the cloud. 17 And the sight of the esteem of 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 was like a consuming fire on the mountaintop in the eyes of the Yasharalites.
18 Moshe entered the cloud as he went up on the mountain, and he remained on the mountain forty days and forty nights.
| YirmeYahu (Jeremiah) 33:25-:26; 34:8-22 |
YirmeYahu (Jeremiah) Chapter 33
𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄’s Eternal Covenant with Daud
25 This is what 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 says: If I have not established My covenant with the day and the night and the fixed order of heaven and earth, 26 then I would also reject the descendants of Ya‛aqoḇ and of My servant Daud, so as not to take from his descendants rulers over the descendants of Aḇraham, Yitsḥaq, and Ya‛aqoḇ. For I will restore them from captivity and will have compassion on them.”
YirmeYahu (Jeremiah) Chapter 34
Freedom for Hebrew Slaves
8 After Sovereign Tsiḏqiyahu had made a covenant with all the people in Yarushalayim to proclaim liberty, the Word came to YirmeYahu from 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 9 that each man should free his Hebrew slaves, both male and female, and no one should hold his fellow Yahudi in bondage. 10 So all the officials and all the people who entered into this covenant agreed that they would free their menservants and maidservants and no longer hold them in bondage. They obeyed and released them, 11 but later they changed their minds and took back the menservants and maidservants they had freed, and they forced them to become slaves again.
12 Then the word of 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 came to YirmeYahu from 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄, saying, 13 “This is what 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄, the Alahym of Yasharal, says: I made a covenant with your forefathers when I brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery, saying: 14 Every seventh year, each of you must free his Hebrew brother who has sold himself to you. He may serve you six years, but then you must let him go free. But your fathers did not listen or incline their ear.
15 Recently you repented and did what pleased Me; each of you proclaimed freedom for his neighbor. You made a covenant before Me in the house that bears My Name. 16 But now you have changed your minds and profaned My Name. Each of you has taken back the menservants and maidservants whom you had set at liberty to go wherever they wanted, and you have again forced them to be your slaves.
17 Therefore this is what 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 says: You have not obeyed Me; you have not proclaimed freedom, each man for his brother and for his neighbor. So now I proclaim freedom for you, declares 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄—freedom to fall by sword, by plague, and by famine! I will make you a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth.
18 And those who have transgressed My covenant and have not fulfilled the terms of the covenant they made before Me, I will treat like the calf they cut in two in order to pass between its pieces. 19 The officials of Judah and Jerusalem, the court officials, the priests, and all the people of the land who passed between the pieces of the calf, 20 I will deliver into the hands of their enemies who seek their lives. Their corpses will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth. 21 And I will deliver Zedekiah king of Judah and his officials into the hands of their enemies who seek their lives, to the army of the king of Babylon that had withdrawn from you.
22 Behold, I am going to give the command, declares 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄, and I will bring them back to this city. They will fight against it, capture it, and burn it down. And I will make the cities of Yahudah a desolation, without inhabitant.”
| Mattithyahu (Matthew) 17:1-11 |
Mattithyahu (Matthew) 17
The Transfiguration (Mark 9:1–13 ; Luke 9:28–36 ; 2 Kěpha 1:16–21)
1After six days 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏 took with Him Kěpha, and Ya‛aqoḇ, and Yoḥanan (brother of Ya‛aqoḇ), and led them up a high mountain by themselves. 2 There He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light.
3 Suddenly Moshe and Aliyahu appeared before them, talking with 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏 – YAHUSHUA. 4 Kěpha said to 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏, “Master, it is good for us to be here. If You wish, I will put up three tabernacles —one for You, one for Moshe, and one for Aliyahu.”
5 While Kěpha was still speaking, a bright cloud enveloped them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Listen to Him!” 6 When the taught ones heard this, they fell facedown in terror.
7 Then 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏 came over and touched them. “Get up,” He said. “Do not be afraid.” 8 And when they looked up, they saw no one except 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏.
9 As they were coming down the mountain, 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏 commanded them, “Do not tell anyone about this vision until the Son of Man has been raised from the dead.”
10 The disciples asked Him, “Why then do the scribes say that Aliyahu must come first?”
11 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏 replied, “Aliyahu does indeed come, and he will restore all things.
